Qué (quién) es Archimedes - definición
![The [[Archimedes' screw]] can raise water efficiently.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archimedes-screw one-screw-threads with-ball 3D-view animated small.gif?width=200 "The [[Archimedes' screw]] can raise water efficiently.")
![Syracuse]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archimedes Heat Ray conceptual diagram.svg?width=200 "Syracuse]].")
![David Rivault]] (1615)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Archimedes – Opere, 1615 – BEIC 9741168.jpg?width=200 "David Rivault]] (1615)")
![''[[Cicero]] Discovering the Tomb of Archimedes'' (1805) by [[Benjamin West]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cicero Discovering the Tomb of Archimedes by Benjamin West.jpeg?width=200 "''[[Cicero]] Discovering the Tomb of Archimedes'' (1805) by [[Benjamin West]]")
 by Thomas Degeorge.png?width=200 "url-status=live}}</ref>")
![Bronze statue of Archimedes in [[Berlin]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gerhard Thieme Archimedes.jpg?width=200 "Bronze statue of Archimedes in [[Berlin]]")
![parabolic]] segment in the upper figure is equal to 4/3 that of the inscribed triangle in the lower figure from ''[[Quadrature of the Parabola]].''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Parabolic segment and inscribed triangle.svg?width=200 "parabolic]] segment in the upper figure is equal to 4/3 that of the inscribed triangle in the lower figure from ''[[Quadrature of the Parabola]].''")
![Archimedes calculates the side of the 12-gon from that of the [[hexagon]] and for each subsequent doubling of the sides of the regular polygon.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/PiArchimede4.svg?width=200 "Archimedes calculates the side of the 12-gon from that of the [[hexagon]] and for each subsequent doubling of the sides of the regular polygon.")
![''[[Ostomachion]]'' is a [[dissection puzzle]] found in the [[Archimedes Palimpsest]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Stomachion.JPG?width=200 "''[[Ostomachion]]'' is a [[dissection puzzle]] found in the [[Archimedes Palimpsest]].")
Archimedes of Syracuse (; Ancient Greek: Ἀρχιμήδης; Doric Greek: [ar.kʰi.mɛː.dɛ̂ːs]; c. 287 – c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Considered to be the greatest mathematician of ancient history, and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying the concept of the infinitely small and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems, including: the area of a circle; the surface area and volume of a sphere; area of an ellipse; the area under a parabola; the volume of a segment of a paraboloid of revolution; the volume of a segment of a hyperboloid of revolution; and the area of a spiral.
Archimedes' other mathematical achievements include deriving an approximation of pi; defining and investigating the spiral that now bears his name; and devising a system using exponentiation for expressing very large numbers. He was also one of the first to apply mathematics to physical phenomena, founding hydrostatics and statics. Archimedes' achievements in this area include a proof of the principle of the lever, the widespread use of the concept of center of gravity, and the enunciation of the law of buoyancy. He is also credited with designing innovative machines, such as his screw pump, compound pulleys, and defensive war machines to protect his native Syracuse from invasion.
Archimedes died during the siege of Syracuse, when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed. Cicero describes visiting Archimedes' tomb, which was surmounted by a sphere and a cylinder, which Archimedes had requested be placed on his tomb to represent his mathematical discoveries.
Unlike his inventions, Archimedes' mathematical writings were little known in antiquity. Mathematicians from Alexandria read and quoted him, but the first comprehensive compilation was not made until c. 530 AD by Isidore of Miletus in Byzantine Constantinople, while commentaries on the works of Archimedes by Eutocius in the 6th century opened them to wider readership for the first time. The relatively few copies of Archimedes' written work that survived through the Middle Ages were an influential source of ideas for scientists during the Renaissance and again in the 17th century, while the discovery in 1906 of previously lost works by Archimedes in the Archimedes Palimpsest has provided new insights into how he obtained mathematical results.
Wikipedia
Archimedes of Syracuse (; c. 287 – c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, astronomer, and inventor from the ancient city of Syracuse in Sicily. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Considered the greatest mathematician of ancient history, and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying the concept of the infinitely small and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems. These include the area of a circle, the surface area and volume of a sphere, the area of an ellipse, the area under a parabola, the volume of a segment of a paraboloid of revolution, the volume of a segment of a hyperboloid of revolution, and the area of a spiral.
Archimedes' other mathematical achievements include deriving an approximation of pi, defining and investigating the Archimedean spiral, and devising a system using exponentiation for expressing very large numbers. He was also one of the first to apply mathematics to physical phenomena, working on statics and hydrostatics. Archimedes' achievements in this area include a proof of the law of the lever, the widespread use of the concept of center of gravity, and the enunciation of the law of buoyancy or Archimedes' principle. He is also credited with designing innovative machines, such as his screw pump, compound pulleys, and defensive war machines to protect his native Syracuse from invasion.
Archimedes died during the siege of Syracuse, when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed. Cicero describes visiting Archimedes' tomb, which was surmounted by a sphere and a cylinder that Archimedes requested be placed there to represent his mathematical discoveries.
Unlike his inventions, Archimedes' mathematical writings were little known in antiquity. Mathematicians from Alexandria read and quoted him, but the first comprehensive compilation was not made until c. 530 AD by Isidore of Miletus in Byzantine Constantinople, while commentaries on the works of Archimedes by Eutocius in the 6th century opened them to wider readership for the first time. The relatively few copies of Archimedes' written work that survived through the Middle Ages were an influential source of ideas for scientists during the Renaissance and again in the 17th century, while the discovery in 1906 of previously lost works by Archimedes in the Archimedes Palimpsest has provided new insights into how he obtained mathematical results.
